Renaissance Anatomy And Dissection - 825 Words

The Renaissance was a time period in history that came with a plethora of changes in art, religion, and science. Considered one of the most beautiful eras thus far, it shaped the modern age. Curiosity peaked in people everywhere in Europe; this curiosity included fascination with the human body and new research. Dissection gained popularity and importance during the Renaissance, which led to body snatching becoming common; both of these activities gave way to new advancements. Dissection of human bodies became popular during the Renaissance time as people started to redraw and disprove previous beliefs about human anatomy. Interest in anatomy grew for artistic and medical purposes. Artists such as Raphael and Michelangelo began†¦show more content†¦They found grave robbing, or â€Å"resurrecting† a body, disgusting. Resurrecting a Christian body was sacrilege, meaning it violated something sacred. (Lawrence). Family members even watched over graves at night and implem ented other means of protecting their loved ones’ bodies. Some would install grave alarms or use iron coffins to discourage resurrectionists (â€Å"Body Snatching Around the World†). Body snatching was only one way of acquiring cadavers for research. Some methods were legal, others were illegal. Legal acquiries of bodies included: deaths where foul play was suspected, a donated body from a family, and executed felons (Lawrence). Heresy, treason, murder, robbery, larceny, rape, and arson were all crimes that could be punishable by death, allowing the bodies to be used for dissection. In fact, King Henry showed his support for the use of executed felons’ bodies when he â€Å". . . authorized a law in 1540 giving surgeons the bodies of four hanged criminals a year† (â€Å"Crime and Punishment in Elizabethan England†). The illegal methods of acquiring bodies included grave robbing and taking the unclaimed bodies of the poor. This new age of anatomical research led to advancements in the knowledge of the human body. Andreas Vesalius fueled the fire with his discoveries and changed the way people viewed anatomy. Some of his contradictory discoveries included: . . . heShow MoreRelated Anatomical Discoveries During the Renaissance Period926 Words   |  4 Pagesof the human anatomy have come a long way. Though if it weren’t for certain Anatomists, we may have not have had the right comprehension of the human body which could have led to errors in surgery and more deaths while treating patients. The Renaissance period was a time where Anatomists searched for clearer understanding of the human body. During the Renaissance period, Anatomists questioning and experimentation led to great discoveries of the human body. Wrong theories of the anatomy have been assumedRead MoreThe Renaissance: The Impact of Traditional Medicine Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagestoday have been fueled by those made during the Renaissance. As the mindset of those living in Europe during that time changed from religion to self-discovery, medical research began to expand and grow to a more scientific approach. Though several were unable to read, they became more aware of themselves and humanity compared to their earlier religious views on life, causing them to take a closer look at the human anatomy. During the English Renaissance, physicians began to advance the scientific studyRead MoreThe Importance Of Neoclassical Architecture In Europe1077 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Renaissance is studded by the name of the artists and architects, with their creations recorded as great historical events† - Arthur Erickson, global architect and master planner. Throughout the rebirth of Europe, well-known artists and architects with their inventions, documented as great historical events, have benefit the lives we live today. During the Renaissance period in the late 14th century, many cultural and scientific advances were created to improve the development of Europe. ThisRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci And Leonardo Da Vinci723 Words   |  3 PagesThe Renaissance is celebrated for having been a period of remarkable advancement in the fields pertaining to art, literature, and science. However, with such advancements rendered too, anatomical innovation. Progress relating to European medical knowledge was principally attributed to a renewed curiosity in the ancient concepts of the Greek and Roman civilizations. The Renaissance too denoted a decline in Christianity in art, as society moved away from a strictly religious reawakening present inRead MoreThe Importance Of Humanism And Leonardo Da Vinci1114 Words   |  5 Pagesthan people realize. Hu manism was an ideal during the Italian Renaissance. â€Å"Humanism is a progressive lifestance that, without supernaturalism, affirms our ability and responsibility to lead meaningful, ethical lives capable of adding to the greater good of humanity.† (americanhumanist.org). Humanism was the ideal of the Renaissance and Leonardo da Vinci did his best to embody that. Leonardo da Vinci was known as an ideal Renaissance man throughout his life because he ventured into so many differentRead MoreImportance Of Leonardo s Notebooks By Samuel Rose1272 Words   |  6 Pagesmight give now a day doctors and studiers of the human body a strong base to create their own knowledge. Some of the drawings include a fetus in the womb, circulation of blood in the body and a dissection of a man. Other drawings of nature were a bird in flight and the Vitruvian man which both described anatomy and the way mechanics work in nature. Continued†¦ Also, Leonardo made leaps and bounds in the area of mechanics shown in his version of a tank, submarine, and airplane, these models are all constructedRead MoreHow we came to know what we know now about anatomy and physiology has always been a great curiosity1000 Words   |  4 PagesHow we came to know what we know now about anatomy and physiology has always been a great curiosity of anyone interested in the medical field. Knowing the history can lead to even more discoveries in the future. When you think of anatomy you imagine something like this picture below. But here is where it all began†¦. The beginning of anatomy and physiology, ironically, began with a curiosity in biology. The first man to create an important contribution to biology was Alcmaeon, in the 5th centuryRead MoreHow Much Did Medicine and Treatment Progress (Change and Continuity) Between 1350 and 1750?1482 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween 1350 and 1750? In medicine there were many things that changed and some that stayed the same between 1350 and 1750. Initially I will be looking at medicine and treatment in the Ancient World as a prelude to its importance during the Renaissance period, and also the influence it may have had in the Middle Ages. During Ancient times, cure and prevention of illness and disease were not very well developed – people would blame their ill health on Gods, witches, demons or other supernaturalRead MoreThe Foundation of Understanding Human Anatomy During Renaissance Period990 Words   |  4 PagesOur understanding in anatomy and physiology today will be deadened without the knowledge from the Renaissance period. Let take a short step to look at what is Renaissance? Based historian, Renaissance means rebirth because â€Å"it [is] believed that the human spirit [has] to be reawakened as it [is] in the classical (Greco-Roman) times† (). During this time, the new conception of human emerges as individualism which means a man can create his own destiny, and humanism in which â€Å"humans are the centerRead MoreThe Relationship Between Arts And Growing Scientific Knowledge Of The Human Body1112 Words   |  5 Pagesmanuscript illumination, Renaissance artists, however, studied the human body to reflect on his art. They thought the best way to study human body was to study anatomy through dissection. They used scientific tools to make his art more naturalistic and more real life. This is a scientific naturalism (Kimyes, 2015). Referring to at Least one Work of Art from each of the Three Major Stylistic Periods from this Unit (Renaissance, Baroque, and Rococo) During the Renaissance period, in the year 1420,

Legal Process Wallace Gromit Under the Building †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Legal Process Wallace Gromit Under the Building. Answer: Issue: In this case, Wallace Gromit possesses a pub called The Outback Hotel in Alice Springs, which was not renovated as per remarkable brick construction rules of the territory. In last year, the famous pop group Two Directions adverts to shoot for Australian tourism in Alice Springs. For this, they turned up to The Outback Hotel for one night. In this event, their most popular member Henry Giles received an electric shock through microphone and expired instantly[1]. The unfortunately death caused an expression of sorrow among teenagers all over the world and these people also visited The Outback Hotel to leave flowers, cards and pay their respects at the temporary shrine of Henry Giles, which was situated on hotels stage. In this situation, Wallace Gromit got unwell and changed whole interior with pokie machines and destroyed the stage, where Henry died and the shrine. Therefore, the issue is this case is that which rules and regulations were not followed by Wallace Gromit under the buil ding. As well as, the sub issues are: Issue of permits from authorities Certified applications for building permits Building approval certificates Rules: In this case, Wallace Gromit may be charged by court under s4 of Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017. These s4 are related to the preservation of historical and community value buildings such as historical places, memorial places or any shrine. These s4 of this Act are as below: Object: The object of this Act is to protect precious historical buildings and other structures, which have significant cultural value for the community[2]. Applied definitions in the Act: In this Act, building is defined as any man-made construction including a house, shed or field. Term damage comprises to significant and permanent alternation to the building. Moreover, cultural or historical significance means having cultural or historical importance to the major proportion of population[3]. According to these defined terms if an individual not followed these terms than he will be charged with monetary or non-monetary terms. Failure in maintaining a historical or cultural building: According to Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017, it will be an offence for a vendor of a building of cultural or historical significance if he fails to preserve or maintain the building in a reasonable state of refurbish. In this situation, the owner or vendor of the building may be penalized with maximum $5000 fine by the court. Causing to damage a historical or cultural building: According to Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017, it is a legal offence for an individual to destroy, damage, or otherwise hinder with a building of cultural or historical significance. The defendant may be charged with $20000 fine or up to 2 years imprisonment by the court against this offence. In other words, if a historical or community place is damaged and destroyed by an individual than he will be charged monetary or non-monetary amount. In addition, under Building Services (Registration) Act 2011 and Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984 to do building their will be requirement of building permit from the authorities and needs to follow the safety rules for humanity[4]. Application From the above interpretation it is observed that Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017 will impact to Wallace Gromits action. In this case, this building Act defines that if an individual damages to a building, which a historical or community value in a territory than that individual will be charged by monetary or non-monetary claim[5]. In this case, the defendant is charged under all level of the government (local, state, national and international). The rules related to the Act that are applicable in identifying, protecting and managing the significant place of historical and community value. Here, the Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017 also explains the role of different groups that defend the Australian cultural heritage places included in the UNESCO world heritage[6]. Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that Wallace Gromit is defendant according to Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017 in two aspects. Firstly, at the time of possession of pub, the building of pub was not renovated or refurbished according remarkable brick construction rule of the state. Secondly, the pub building also not follows the rules 1st, rule 2nd and rule 4th of Preservation of Significant Historical Buildings Act 2017. Wallace Gromit went in wrong way and destroyed the shrine of Henry Giles, which has cultural value for the community because a big part of the community has respect for this person. In both legal aspects, Wallace Gromit went against the significance rules of historical and community buildings therefore, he will be charged with maximum $20000 or up to 2 years imprisonment by the court. In addition, Wallace Gromit also not followed the rules and regulations of building act 2011 and Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984 which cau sed of electric shock. Therefore, he will be charged with monetary value more than $20000 also. References: Victoria State Government, Legislation and other protections for cultural heritage (2014) https://www.dtpli.vic.gov.au/heritage/about-heritage-in-victoria/legislation-and-other-protections-for-cultural-heritage. Douglas S. Noonan, and Douglas J. Krupka, Makingor pickingwinners: evidence of internal and external price effects in historic preservation policies(2011) 39(2) Real Estate Economics379. Kiruthiga, and K. Thirumaran, Visual perception on the architectural elements of the built heritage of a historic temple town: A case study of Kumbakonam, India (2017) 6(1)Frontiers of Architectural Research 96. K. Kiruthiga, and K. Thirumaran, Visual perception on the architectural elements of the built heritage of a historic temple town: A case study of Kumbakonam, India (2017) 6(1)Frontiers of Architectural Research 96. Victoria State Government, Legislation and other protections for cultural heritage (2014) https://www.dtpli.vic.gov.au/heritage/about-heritage-in-victoria/legislation-and-other-protections-for-cultural-heritage. Douglas S. Noonan, and Douglas J. Krupka, Makingor pickingwinners: evidence of internal and external price effects in historic preservation policies(2011) 39(2) Real Estate Economics379. Government of Western Australia, Building Act 2011 Overview. (2011). https://www.commerce.wa.gov.au/publications/building-act-2011-overview. Victoria State Government, Legislation and other protections for cultural heritage (2014) https://www.dtpli.vic.gov.au/heritage/about-heritage-in-victoria/legislation-and-other-protections-for-cultural-heritage. Victoria State Government, Legislation and other protections for cultural heritage (2014) https://www.dtpli.vic.gov.au/heritage/about-heritage-in-victoria/legislation-and-other-protections-for-cultural-heritage.

Technological Applications in Industrial Pollution Prevention

Table of Contents Paper Topic Introduction Background Methods Results Conclusion Reference Paper Topic The topic of pollution prevention in manufacturing industries using technology is familiar. It is notable that I have a critical understanding of the topic in relation to the emergence of technology and different methods used to minimize waste emission.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Applications in Industrial Pollution Prevention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I also understand that pollution prevention emerged from the need to protect the environment from degradation and that appropriate regulations require manufacturers to put in place measures to prevent the release of dangerous emissions. The notable thing I would like to learn on this topic entails the latest innovative technology with the ability to control pollution through a multidimensional approach. This area of the topic is inter esting because it will enable me to gain crucial knowledge regarding the recent developments in the field. I was interested in this topic because of its uniqueness and the challenge in presents in researching the topic I would like to learn about. Furthermore, it presents an opportunity to undertake research aimed at establishing whether or not complete pollution prevention that ensures a clean environment is attainable. The topic has a correlation with trends in the industry, particularly in relation to escalating environmental degradation. It is notable that pollution from manufacturing companies has been associated with the increasing cases of environmental degradation. The research established that pollution prevention efforts implemented through the application of technology are not entirely efficient. The initial thoughts about this topic are that pollution prevention initiatives should ensure environmental health. However, technology has not been able to provide complete prot ection of the environment against emissions. It is notable that machine errors could reduce the efficiency of the technologies. Furthermore, human error may affect the effectiveness of technology used in preventing pollution. Introduction Pollution prevention in industries remains a challenging experience for manufacturers and different industries employ suitable technological methods to handle specific sources and types of pollutants. The pollution prevention methods eliminate pollutants and effluents before wastes are released into the environment. However, the technology cannot provide 100% efficiency, which makes the environment to contain certain aspects of wastes.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Background The application of advanced technology in industrial pollution prevention emerged in 1980s through to 1990s after engineers and scientists started developing exper tise for waste minimization, source reduction, and clean production (Mulholland Dyer, 2009). The methodology for manufacturing emissions minimization has continued to expand and more companies are adopting technologies, which are highly appropriate to their strategies. Methods The methodology of waste generation minimization employed by diverse manufacturers aims at ensuring complete elimination of emissions. Manufacturers also consider economic aspects of pollution prevention methods (Mulholland Dyer, 2009). This guide manufacturer to adopt appropriate technologies for source pollution prevention, waste treatment, particulate control, and solid waste control approaches. Results The research indicates that different manufacturers undertake pollution measures in their industries in order to ensure the attainment of clean environment (Mulholland Dyer, 2009). The methodology employed by manufacturers depends on the costs involved in the pollution prevention strategies. In addition, the application of technological approaches is not likely to realize complete prevention of pollution because of errors associated with machines. Conclusion This research establishes that pollution prevention is a critical component of manufacturing activities for companies. The application of technology in industrial waste minimization started in 1980s through to 1990s and has evolved over the years to the present advanced expertise. The paper argues that complete pollution prevention in manufacturing industries is not possible. Reference Mulholland, K. L., Dyer, J. A. (2009). Pollution prevention: Methodology, technologies, and practices. New York, NY: American Institute of Chemical Engineers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Applications in Industrial Pollution Prevention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Technological Applications in Industrial Pollution Prevention was written and submitted by user Karla H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Customer satisfaction and willingness to switch Essays

Customer satisfaction and willingness to switch Essays Customer satisfaction and willingness to switch Essay Customer satisfaction and willingness to switch Essay Customer Satisfaction was recognized as major outcome of marketing activity which helps in explaining post purchase phenomenon such as repeat purchase and brand loyalty. Oliver (1999) defined Customer Satisfaction as the consumer s sense that consumption provides outcomes against a standard of pleasure versus displeasure. Eshghi, Roy and Ganguli (2008) suggested that relational quality, competitiveness, reliability, reputation and transmission quality are significant predictors of customer satisfaction. Aydin and Ozer(2005) defined it as customers overall (dis)satisfaction with the brand based on all encounters and experiences with that particular brand. Hence, in the study overall customer satisfaction with the service provider was evaluated instead of consumers specific transaction experiences. They also suggested that increased customer satisfaction, increased trust in the firm and switching costs are essential for customer loyalty. Customer loyalty is a relationship between relative attitude towards on entity and repeat patronage behavior (Dick and Basu, 1994. Oliver (1999) suggested that customer satisfaction and Customer Loyalty are linked inextricably. Harris and Goode (2004) suggested the satisfactions mediating role in the relation between perceived quality or value and loyalty. Anti n, Camarero, and Carrero (2007) have confirmed that the mediating effect of customer satisfaction between the predisposing (poor service quality and low firm commitment) and precipitating factors (price unfairness and anger incidents) of dissolution and the consumers switching intention. Also, Spiros P. Gounaris, Nektarios A. Tzempelikos, Kalliopi Chatzipanagiotou (2007) explained how customer percieved value influences, through customer satisfaction and loyalty, the buying behaviour of consumers. In our study, the term perceived price is to mean the degree of reasonability which a customer associates a given price fixed for the usage of the mobile service, value- added services charges and the monthly rental charges. This is mainly a perception factor in the consumer mind. We test for the influence of this factor, the perceived price on the construct of customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction in turn encompasses the comprehensive view of the mobile service provider in the customer`s mind. While customer satisfaction is contingent on several factors, herein we explore the effect of the perceived price on the same. There has been a body of research carried out in the past, in various sectors, on the influence of this factor on the overall customer satisfaction levels. Carmen Anti n, Carmen Camarero, and Mirtha Carrero (2007) found evidence in the insurance industry that unfair pricing is a determinant to customer satisfaction. In fact, they have concluded that unfair pricing strongly impacts switching, in a direct and indirect manner via customer satisfaction. Chada and Deepa Kapoor (2009) have stated that Customer satisfaction in turn affects the price senility of a customer. Evangelia Blery, Nick Batistatos et al (2008) conclude that the perceived price is negatively affects a repeat purchase of a customer in a negative manner. Makam S Balaji (2009) examined the effects ofvarious factors, including perceived price on customer satisfaction in the Indian mobile telephony sphere and found it to be strongly associated. The findings of Muhammad Mohsin Butt and Ernest Cyril de Run(2008) show that the satisfaction levels of Pakistani mobile telephone service users satisfaction is dependent on price, among several other factors. Ristola and M. Kesti(2006) conceptualized that the service quality depends upon the above mentioned factors. The physical factors involves the physical product and supports, interactive quality refers to the interaction between the customer and the service provider, and the corporate quality is symbolic in nature and involves the perception about the company in the minds of the customers and its brand image. Service quality is defined as a global assessment that is the customers overall impression of the relative inferiority/superiority of the service provider and its services. Further, Rusk and Zahorik supported the expectation-perception gap for measuring service quality. The main antecedents to perceived service quality are the customer expectation and perceived performance (Bitner and Hubert). Further, Richard Spreng, Linda Shi,Thomas Page suggested that net Customer Satisfaction has a marginally higher impact on switching intention than total perceived service quality. Also, A. Taylor,Thomas L. Baker(1994) concluded that Consumer satisfaction moderates the relationship between the quality of service and intention to switch. Zhilin Yang, Robin T. Peterson (2004) found that switching costs moderate the relationship between satisfaction and perceived value. Next, Hsin-Hui (Sunny) Hu, Jay Kandampully and Thanika Devi Juwaheer(2009) examined the association and impact of customer satisfaction and perceived value and found that customer satisfaction is affected by perceived service quality. Das, Bhagaban Mohanty, Sangeeta(2007) carried out a study in the Indian context and found that better perceived service quality leads to increased customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction results from the comparison of expected performance with that of the perceived actual performance (Churchill, Suprenant, 1982). Parasuram et al also suggested that service quality is positively related to the customer satisfaction levels and that service quality perceptions are dependent not only on the outcomes but also on the evaluation of the service delivery process by the customers. Venetis and Ghauri (2000) viewed that the service quality is regarded as one of the few means for service differentiation and competitive advantage that attracts new customers and contributes to the market share. Further, Rakshit Negi (2009) concludes that the service quality was found to be significantly linked with the overall cellular phone user satisfaction. Also, Birgit Leisen(2006) suggests, as perceived levels of satisfaction increase, the less likely the customer is going to switch to a more conveniently located competitor and, hence, the more loyal he or she remains. Further, T. Vanniarajan, P. Gurunathan (2009) concluded that the cellular operators need to engage in improving the quality of both the value added services and the main service quality to increase their customer satisfaction which would lead to a greater customer loyalty. Hence differentiation leads to customer satisfaction.

Exercise 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exercise 3 - Essay Example The scope of the project is dependent on the client’s specifications. Steps in this stage vary according to project. A meeting to determine the steps needed is common with all projects at the initiation stage (Lewis, 12). The next phase is called the planning phase and involves planning how the resources discussed in the earlier phase will be used. Where an initial budget had been created, the project manager now has to facilitate a review of the budget and the estimation of an order to complete the given tasks considering the budget. While phase one deals with what needs to be done, phase two deals with how it is to be done. The third phase is the execution phase that involves doing the task. It is tempting to begin a project at this stage, but steps 1 and 2 are just as important. All projects then have a closing stage that involves reflection to review the project for possible changes for implementation if another project were to take place. Those with responsibilities are r equired to share the insight into what was well done and what could have been improved. Project management requires quality communication since if the ideas were not presented clearly, then serious impediments would occur. When making a decision regarding what technology to use, training and budgetary questions require to be answered. These involve the presence of existing technology, whether training will be required for the team and whether the technology will reduce time spent on the project. In a team, communication can be synchronous, that is communicating at the same time or asynchronous, which involves the inability to communicate at the same time. Sending of e-mails to team members is an example of asynchronous communication while a face-to-face meeting is a good example of synchronous communication. Another aspect of efficient communication in project management is emotional intelligence. The project leader has to possess emotional intelligence because they have to interact with various personalities in the project team. EI involves relationship management, empathy, self-regulation and emotional awareness. EI quality affects the trust that the team members will put in their leader, which, in turn, aids in the project’s success. A project leader must have the empathy to understand where the origins of different viewpoints. A project manager also needs to have conflict resolution skills since different personality types will clash in teams (Lewis, 12). Finally, for project management to be successful, it needs efficient, time management. Poor management of projects also leads to additional costs. In applying techniques for time management, we need to prioritize the tasks that need to be done. Quality time management also involves the development of personal relationships since time spent resolving conflict could be spent on constructive. One must also plan to complete the activity. Organization is yet another rule for project management, with the ability to adapt to situations being the final activity. Summary of Netcraft.com One of the key steps that the internet community has been taught to protect their personal information via the internet is to ensure that they enter over an encrypted connection. This has resulted in phishing attacks, which use SSL certificates because most internet users associate valid presence of an SSL certificate with improved security. While most phishing attacks occur over HTTP, some run on SSL certificate run sites. Access on

Wolf Motors Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wolf Motors - Case Study Example Mr. Wolf is concerned about the availability of the team members with the right traits as the right people is most essential for apt after sales service. Also, the company resorts to adequate forecasting of demand of products based on historical data as well as factors like seasonality. The owner also put due emphasis on the investments and storage space as he focuses more upon purchasing of parts and materials. John Wolf should look forward to devise an efficient supply chain strategy so that he could strengthen the dealership network. Application of ERP framework is highly recommended. Also, he could use methods like ‘Just in Time’. Purchasing policies differ because while purchasing the materials and spare parts, they have to purchase those directly from the branded stores like GM. But again when the company purchased oils and lubricants, they could purchase those from any store. Sometimes, the spare parts are purchased by Wolf Motors to be utilized in the after-sales service while many a times such parts are directly sold to the customers. Therefore, the purchasing policies differed with respect to different items. With efficient supply chain design and integration, John Wolf could reduce the working capital as well as transit time to a great extent. Dedicated enterprise resource planning architecture can help in managing the balance between the dealers and the buyers. The efficient management of the closing stock holds the

Residential Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Residential Project - Essay Example Furthermore, any activities that result in wastage of time shall be eliminated. Also, activities that can be done simultaneously shall be grouped for quick results. The desired result of the message is to be able to graphically demonstrate that I have been successful in complying with the schedule. Furthermore, the message shall invite feedback from the audience regarding which activities need to be grouped or which need to be eliminated. This shall ensure that there is communication between my boss and myself. Not only will it allow my boss to keep track of the direction I’m taking in my work but also allow him to provide feedback on the work I’ve completed. This shall further allow him/her to make recommendations for any improvements which I can incorporate into my project to complete it on time. Any bottlenecks shall be identified to which improvements shall be made over time. Although the message is complete in itself, it shall serve as the building block for future discussions. The intended audience is my boss. Assuming that I work in a construction firm as a construction manager, and I am presenting the results of my team before the general manager. The results shall show the number of housing units completed under the private sector, residential housing project. The audience is expected to be knowledgeable about the concepts used in the message; hence, technical terms may be used. Since the graph shall convey its intended meaning through the illustrative element rather than words, display type shall not be used to draw audience’s attention. Using display type may distract the audience from the overall meaning of the message in this case which is to compare the scheduled and actual outcomes. Few words shall be used in the copy area and shall primarily comprise of the graph’s legend.